R. M. Renfield is a deranged, fanatically devoted servant and familiar, helping Count Dracula in his plan to turn Mina Harker into a vampire in return for a continuous supply of insects to consume and the promise of immortality, in Bram Stoker’s 1897 Gothic horror novel Dracula. Throughout the novel, he resides in an asylum, where he is treated by Dr. John Seward. A description of Renfield from the novel: “R. M. Renfield, aetat 59. Sanguine temperament, great physical strength, morbidly excitable, periods of gloom, ending in some fixed idea which I cannot make out. I presume that the sanguine temperament itself and the disturbing influence end in a mentally-accomplished finish, a possibly dangerous man, probably dangerous if unselfish. In selfish men, caution is as secure an armour for their foes as for themselves. What I think of on this point is, when self is the fixed point the centripetal force is balanced with the centrifugal. When duty, a cause, etc., is the fixed point, the latter force is paramount, and only accident or a series of accidents can balance it. — From Dr. John Seward’s journal.” Renfield suffers from delusions which compel him to eat living creatures in the hope of obtaining their life-force for himself. Later Renfield’s own testimony reveals that Dracula would send him insects, which he begins consuming. He starts with flies, the death’s-head moth, then develops a scheme of feeding the flies to spiders, and the spiders to birds, in order to accumulate more and more life. When denied a cat to accommodate the birds, he eats the birds himself. He also changes his ideas to accommodate Mina Harker by quickly eating all flies and stating that it was an old habit. Seward diagnoses him as a “zoophagous maniac”, or carnivorous madman. Later Renfield attacks Seward, acquiring a knife and cutting his arm; as Seward’s blood drips from his hand, Renfield licks it off the floor.
First Publisher Archibald Constable and Company (UK)
Appearance List Eerie #12, Dracula (play) and Dracula (novel). Bram Stoker’s Dracula originally appeared as a stage play on May 18, 1897 (which only two people attended). The (much-more famous) novel was released eight days later.
Description R. M. Renfield is a deranged, fanatically devoted servant and familiar, helping Count Dracula in his plan to turn Mina Harker into a vampire in return for a continuous supply of insects to consume and the promise of immortality, in Bram Stoker’s 1897 Gothic horror novel Dracula. Throughout the novel, he resides in an asylum, where he is treated by Dr. John Seward. A description of Renfield from the novel: “R. M. Renfield, aetat 59. Sanguine temperament, great physical strength, morbidly excitable, periods of gloom, ending in some fixed idea which I cannot make out. I presume that the sanguine temperament itself and the disturbing influence end in a mentally-accomplished finish, a possibly dangerous man, probably dangerous if unselfish. In selfish men, caution is as secure an armour for their foes as for themselves. What I think of on this point is, when self is the fixed point the centripetal force is balanced with the centrifugal. When duty, a cause, etc., is the fixed point, the latter force is paramount, and only accident or a series of accidents can balance it. — From Dr. John Seward’s journal.” Renfield suffers from delusions which compel him to eat living creatures in the hope of obtaining their life-force for himself. Later Renfield’s own testimony reveals that Dracula would send him insects, which he begins consuming. He starts with flies, the death’s-head moth, then develops a scheme of feeding the flies to spiders, and the spiders to birds, in order to accumulate more and more life. When denied a cat to accommodate the birds, he eats the birds himself. He also changes his ideas to accommodate Mina Harker by quickly eating all flies and stating that it was an old habit. Seward diagnoses him as a “zoophagous maniac”, or carnivorous madman. Later Renfield attacks Seward, acquiring a knife and cutting his arm; as Seward’s blood drips from his hand, Renfield licks it off the floor.
